The Effects Of Culture On Diversity Management Essay

CHAPTER TWO 2.0 Literature Review 2.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter outlines the effects of culture on diversity management in organizations in Kenya. Secondly, it highlights the literature related factors that affect culture and in turn diversity management in organizations in Kenya such as technology, level of skilled workers, policies enforced by organizations in Kenya, and the level of resources available to them. The chapter also analysed literature related to other aspects that effect diversity management in organizations in Kenya. 2.2 To determine the extent to which technology influences diversity management in organizations in Kenya. Modern organizations are faced with challenges because of turbulent environments and a competitive global economy. Among these challenges are the use of information and communication technology (ICT), a multicultural workforce, and organizational designs that involve global virtual teams. Ad hoc teams create both opportunities and challenges for organizations and many organizations are trying to understand how the virtual environment affects team effectiveness. Cultural diversity has a positive influence on decision†making and a negative influence on communication. ICT mitigated the negative impact on intercultural communication and supported the positive impact on decision making. Effective technologies for intercultural communication included e†mail, teleconferencing combined with e†Meetings, and team rooms. Cultural diversityShow MoreRelatedDiversity Management Has Increased Improve Competitiveness Within The Business World1146 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity man agement has increased to improve competitiveness within the business world. Diversity shows employees that they are valued for their differences and are accepted for who they are. In the USA, effective diversity management is a critical factor for companies to be successful. In Asia however there has been less focus given towards diversity and the greatest difference is how they approach diversity based on their culture. In Korea, by example, gender is considered an important diversityRead MoreLiterature Review Job Design and Workforce Diversity Improve Performance1224 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"In the current business environment, what role do job design and workforce diversity play in attempts to improve individual and organisational performance?† Literature Review A significant number of ideas have been offered to explain job design and workforce diversity which impacts on individual and organisational performance in business environment at the present time (Yan, Peng, Franesco, 2011 ; Foss, Minbaeva, Pedersen, Reinholt, 2009). Improving and developing performance willRead MoreThe Influence of Organizational Culture on Organizational Functionality861 Words   |  3 PagesRizescu, M. (2011). Orgainzational Culture Influences on the Organizations Functionality. Revista Academie ForTelor Terestre. 1( 61): 75-82. Globalization has brought the world closer in communication, economics, politics, and especially business. The Internet and technological improvements have allowed instantaneous communication almost anywhere, and even poor women in India are using Smartphones to manage their banking portfolios. The idea of globalism continues to break down cultural barriersRead MoreThe Diversity Of Multicultural Team Management1190 Words   |  5 PagesMulticultural team management Summary: Since inevitable change of diversification is taking place in the workforce due to the globalization, therefore, understanding of culture and diversity is of great importance for manager to manage a multicultural team where people has different values, beliefs and conventions. To find out how important culture and diversity are to team management in international business, this article emphasized on the important effects of culture and diversity to multiculturalRead More Management Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesthe managers have the tendency to focus on the expense of more important things, the discussion will be demonstrated from the following concepts: contemporary management challenges—downsizing, workplace diversity, restructuring, globalisation and quality; organisational culture in Australia, managers’ role in managing organisational culture. Managers today must be able to solve problems based on the skills and knowledge that they have, and help the org anisation be more successful. OrganisationsRead MoreDiversity Management and Cultural Intelligence1260 Words   |  6 PagesCARROLL 1 Shavasia K. Carroll Current Issues in OB Final Diversity Management and Cultural Intelligence Diversity Management and cultural intelligence is the crucial keys in today’s workforce to successfully compete in a global marketplace. Corporations can no longer use lack of cultural intelligence as an excuse. Organizations pursuing global success must embrace diversity in their thoughts, actions, and innovations. Diversity doesn’t just focus on making the numbers, but how the organization’sRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour the Pros and Cons.1634 Words   |  7 PagesElements of successful organizational diversity Management. Why is organizational diversity important? Historically, diversity in the workplace has been recognized as an employment equity issue. Now, however, diversity in the workplace is being recognized as a benefit that will contribute to an organizations bottom line. Increased employee and customer satisfaction end up as increased productivity, all of which are measurable outcomes (Goff, 1998). Diversity goes beyond employment equity toRead MoreOrganizational Diversity Processes1075 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Diversity Processes I. Women and Minorities in Today’s Organizations * Glass ceiling – is a concept popularized in the 1980s to describe a barrier so subtle that is transparent, yet so strong that it prevents women and minorities from moving up in the management hierarchy (Morrison and Von Glinow) * The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission reports that â€Å"color discrimination in employment seems to be on the rise†. Recent studies have found that black job applicants withRead MoreTo Resolve The Insensitivity Complaints Of Key Employees,1127 Words   |  5 PagesTo resolve the insensitivity complaints of key employees, which relate to diversity, particularly gender, ethnicity, and religion, Air Aces hired Tyrone Williams (CEO) after airport clients filed numerous complaints regarding airport employees who lack cultural awareness while interacting with diverse groups of customers. Consequently, this insensitivity affects the hiring process and promotion within the Air Aces. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to develop methods of addressing these sensitiveRead MoreOrganizational Culture Assesment1717 Words   |  7 PagesCase Analysis B: Organizational Culture Assessment Life is stressful and the value of the healthy organization is measured by the quality of the work-life balance of the employees. Even the best-managed organizations have stressors occurring on the regular and the irregular periods. Those regular stressors, such as quarterly reports or financial tides are expected. The unplanned and often unsuspected stressors occur within the organization. These unplanned stressors will create chaos and an unhealthy

Tools for project management workshops and consult †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Tools for project management workshops and consult. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to put emphasis on the lagging factors of the project Woody 2014 and identify the possible measures those could have eliminated the failures of the project. This was primarily a construction project in which, the approach was to enhance the space capacity at the production section. This report emphasize on the factors those have affected the start-up of the woody project and recommend the possible factors those could have eliminated these lagging factors. The first section describes the identification of the drawbacks and presents possible measures those could have protected it from being a failure. It describes how important could be the Project Management for the accomplishment of the activities within the budget and schedule of the project. Thereafter, the report describes the causes those had affected the success of the project and led to the failure. Higgins Woodworking company would have successfully accomplished this transformation and enhance the production of the organization if proper theory and practice was applied under the proper guidance of a professional and experienced leader or manager. He or she could have documented the factors involved in the project and led them in effective and efficient manner. This report also presents the key success indicators those could be helpful in measuring the quality and performance of the project after and/or execution of the project. It was a considerable factor to identify and predict these factors during the planning of the project and document them for the execution of the project in an effective and efficient manner. This report presents a thorough research on identifying the factors those had affected the growth and development of the project and present recommendation for representing how the project could be saved. Project Start-up Start-up Management by Woody There were so many drawbacks in the woody project during the startup time as not any paperwork was made on the ownership. The ultimate goal of the project was estimated for the product without considering the proper planning and procedures that could have affected the whole activity within the project and thus, could affect the production in a negative manner. This was an inappropriate approach by the executives to deliver the project, as proper planning is the basic key to the completion of any project. There was not any planning made by neither the Leadbetter nor Moneysworth and this left the sectors without any assurance of the sectors that include acceptance of the building, or testing, dry-running and production start-up of the production train other than the ownership inspection (Brones et al. 2014). Many failures were accounted during the execution of the project those had been affected the project in a negative manner and caused distortion in the execution of the project. Exp ert Industrial Developers (EID) did not have insisted on the receiving of the building occupation certificate that was another drawback in the startup of the project. It can be stated that the startup of the project not very effective and efficient and had led the organization to a failure in the production and the output of the woody project (Kerzner 2017). Although, assigning the project in the hand of an untrained professional who does not have any experience and knowledge of project as this project had many establishments and new procedures needed to be implemented within the existing system of the organization. The main cases those could be noted for the failure of the Woody project can be listed as assigning leadership to an individual without having proper knowledge of the project management, and not proper planning for the execution of the project (Kerzner 2015). Following paragraphs describe the drawbacks of the startup in the woody project: Over Extension: The project milestones and deadlines will be affecting and altering if, proper and effective planning had not been done in an effective and efficient way as seen in this project. Even the budgeting is altered because of the deployment of the unplanned project and various estimation was presented based on the deadline and timing intervals (Marcelino - Sdaba, Gonzlez - Jaen, and Prez - Ezcurdia 2015). However, Kim Cashman, who tried to control the cash flow of the project, managed this in an effective way. Miscommunication: It is an obvious factor within a project that if there is not any proper planning, the managers handling the project and the members involved in the project. In this project, the communication plans were fast handwritten in memos without a date that resulted in a meeting without objectives and without results. Alteration in Project Objectives: The above factors resulted due to lack of proper planning will affect the objective of the project in a negative manner (turner 2016). Improper planning and leadership under an untrained professional (of project management), would mostly relate to the alteration in the actions and activities involved in the project, as that happened in the Woody Project. The primary objective of the project was to introduce space for the enhancement in the production and later on the objectives seemed to be turning over towards the budget of the project, and later on, handling the project from collapse (Bucero and Englund 2015). These all are proofs that how negative effect could be caused to the project and thus, affected the whole project. Over Extension: The schedule and budget of the project always seem to be altering because of the lack of transparency between the stakeholder and activities included in the project. The living example is in this Woody project where, poor planning resulted in improper communication and thus, execution of the project without any proper planning. Lack of Professionalism: The overall project was to modify or implement new construction within the organization in a manner to enhance the output and production of the organization for better profit (Andler 2016). Increase in demand no doubt needs extra production and thus, additional infrastructure can be a helpful measure for boosting the production. However, the heads in the woody project took the wrong decision of offering all responsibilities to an unprofessional manager whose professionalism was in mechanical engineering. Ian was the project engineer who was responsible for the establishment of the mechanical infrastructures and software needed for the execution of the operational activities and he would have executed his role as a mechanical engineer (Sears et al. 2015). However, he lacks in leadership and management and that took the overall project in crisis because of lack in proper management or poor management style. He did not considered the factor of planning at all in the whole project execution that leads to several drawbacks in the development of the project. Implementation of PMBoK methodology could be recommended as the better option for the Woody Project in manner to accomplish the objectives of the project and implementation of new operational activities. It could have emphasized on the planning factor that was the most crucial drawback for the failure of the Woody Project and could have saved it from being destroyed (Haynes, Owens and Southworth 2017). This methodology includes Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring, and Controlling, and Closing and these steps had helped in better communication between the stakeholders and documenting all the papers before and after execution of the project. This methodology would be helpful in executing the processes those are valid and better effective for the organization to implement additional features (including operational activities and infrastructure) within the existing system, continuously monitor the milestones of the project, and manage them within the schedule and the budget estim ated during the planning phase of the project (Burke and Barron 2015). This methodology would be applicable in delivering and concentrating at the objectives of the project and keeping risks out of the course of the project. Woody Project on Run Causes of Failures in 2014 Woody Project Following are the list of the factors, which led to the closure of the 2014 Woody Project: Lack of Proper Planning: Planning is the most crucial factor for any project that is helpful in laying a path for the activities those are about to be executed at a scheduled time and under certain milestones. This includes a record of all the milestones, activities, risks, communication, documentation, and many other crucial factors and this is what Ian lacks while executing the project. Ian had not considered planning as a factor he just ran into the development of the project that results in the failure of the project (Fukuda et al. 2016). The main aim behind the execution of the project was to establish a new infrastructure for which appointing a mechanical engineer could be the best approach for the effective and efficient completion of the project. However, management can be represented as the very important factor for the successful deployment of the project whether; it is new constraint or manipulation in the existing system. Poor Management: Proper management is the only factor for the successful deployment of any project in any sector and this was the sector where Woody Project had lagged crucially. The whole management was under an unprofessional (in the sector of management) individual and had not any idea about the management. The executives of the project had not shown their interest in the management of the project constraints that could be associated with the lagging factor of the project manager (Ian) and this is the related factor for all the drawbacks of the project (Fuller et al. 2017). There was not any proper and effective communication plan executed during the development of the project, as there were not any proper documentation of the meetings that were conducted during the development of the project. The project constraints were not scheduled considering the overall completion of the project and this lead to the overtime extension of the schedule for the overall project. Ineffective Communication: there was not any effective or proper communication plan for the accomplishment of the objectives, development of the project, risk estimations, innovative talks and many more. In the Woody project, it was found that the communication was established in rapid manner and most of the statements had not any date and this should be always enlisted in the documentation of the communication plan in a manner to consider all the facts raised and solved during those sessions. It important to consider what matters are solved and what are not solved during the meetings arranged for raising the concerns and allowing every individual to express their point of view in the respective of the topics being discussed. The objective was not set for the execution of the project: Poor planning lead to various disorders in the project such as there were not any exact objective for the employment of the project and it should be the primary activity for any project to set objectives, and goals around which, the whole project should revolve. It can be seen in the case study that the whole project was executed in just a flow and the whole project not certain about any objective or goal for the project execution. The project manager had not stated the particular goal and objective of the project and thus, each stakeholder was not capable of concentrating towards single direction (Shah 2016). Every aspect of the project considering from schedule to budget was seemed to be distorted because of the goals and objectives. Ownership was not made clear: from the initiation to the closure of the project, none of the managers had given priority to prove the ownership of the transformation that was about to be implemented within the existing infrastructure of the Woods (Caldern and Ruiz 2015). The EID of the project had not concerned any topics for the ownership that led to several lagging in the schedule and budget of the project and thus, for some instances, it can be enlisted in the drawback factors for the failure of the 2014 project. Lack of Proper Methodology: since the assigned project manager was not proper for managing the project, as his professionalism was mechanical engineering and he was not suitable for manage such a big project and led to the failure. The initial findings made by the executive was to enhance the area of the organizational infrastructure and the mechanical engineer could implement it successfully, however, he or she should have experience about the project management (Pinnington and Needham 2015). The project also lacked in the project management methodology and for the successful delivery of the project, it is necessary to implement a feasible methodology to accomplish the project constraints in scheduled and continuous manner. Opinion on Failures It can be stated that these failures could have been eliminated through proper and effective implementation of the project management in a manner to accomplish the transformation and additional operational activities in an efficient and effective manner. It was identified that proper manager was not assigned to the project and if a trained and professional manager were appointed within the project, the project would have been completed within the schedule and much efficient manner. The executives of the organization should have considered the appointment of a skillful manager for the completion of the project (Browning 2014). Poor management and planning lead to several negative aspects of the project however, this could be minimized at the extent level and project could be saved from failure if the project was handled under proper project management methodology. This could have eliminated all the missing factors of the project, its constraints could be completed, and in return, the organization could have gained higher profits in the place of being a failure. Key Success Indicator List of Key Success Indicators The Key Success Indicators for this project could be listed as following considering the infrastructure sector and project management aspect for the Woods 2014 as it was a construction project. Following are the key success indicators based on their priority: I) Construction Time Cost: It should be the primary factor for the project to consider both these aspects as the performance measurement. The Woody Project was initially considered to be completed in twenty Million Pounds within the schedule of eighteen months and the cash flow was meant to be distributed based on labor per hour in a manner to easily monitor the contribution made by the employees associated in the project (Newton 2016). II) Client Satisfaction: After the previous indicator, client satisfaction could be considered as another crucial indicator to measure the development of the project. The satisfaction of the clients is a better approach for identifying the quality of the project delivered during the transformation in the Woody project. The project was being delivered for the satisfaction of the clients only and it should have been reached to the maximum level. III) Productivity: This infrastructure was about to be established for the enhancement of the production and thus, the productivity could be enhanced through the enhancement in the production area of the organization (Leach 2014). The woody project had led to the enhancement of the productivity and thus, it can be said that for this section only, the project direction was on the right path for some instance. IV) Profitability: This is another major factor for the determination of the quality and success of the project that will be determined through the production made by the woody project after the transformation. This will be helpful in measuring the depth of the success of the overall project execution and deployment of additional space and operational activities. V) Defects: The initial planning could be different from the deployment and execution of the project and this could be determined by the change occurred during the development of the project. It also includes the resources utilized for the deployment of the project, workmanship, and it could have affected the infrastructure of the project, however, Ian tried to manage this of the top quality. VI) Unresolved Issues: It is a matter of management where issues identified based on the development going on during the execution of the project. Its efficiency can be measured through the development of the communication plan that was not developed at all during the Woody Project (Costantino, Di Gravio and Nonino 2015). VII) Estimation of Project Completion: There was not any planning for the accomplishment of the activities within the project and was the major drawback for the execution of the project and thus, it is at the minimum level in this project. VIII) Current Resource Allocation: Resources were utilized at the high rate and of good quality that led the construction of the new space for the organization. However, further, it was noticed that the quality of the resources was not evaluated before utilizing those resources that certainly contributed to the failure of the project. IX) Current development backlog: The woody project had not any documentation regarding the ongoing processes and estimation of the activities about to be accomplished during this transformation. This resulted in the low-grade performance of the organization that managed to keep altering the performance and led to the failure. This will be helpful in measuring the activities Done To Do and Ongoing and documenting this measurement (Verzuh 2015). The more activities are enlisted in the Done section, higher is the performance of the project. X) Labor costs spent: Comparing the profit and labor costs, it can be said that this was the factor that sinks the whole project, as the total spent the amount on the labor was 20 Million Pounds. However; managing the cash flow on hour basis was a reasonable and efficient approach for monitoring the performance of the stakeholders (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). This was managed at the low cost and could be measured by the measurement of the performance of the project. XI) Project schedule: The schedule of the project was not much deviated as determined in the case study and thus, it contributed to the enhancement of the project (Lientzand Rea 2016). Initial estimation of the project schedule was about eighteen months and it could have been completed within the estimated schedule of the project if, there was proper planning for the execution of every objective of the project. XII) Issues found by Question Answering: Since there was not any proper communication plan executed during the development of the project, thus, there was not any record of the issues found or communicated with the stakeholders (Heldman 2018). However, the maximum is the solved issues found during the QA, higher is the performance of the project. There were certain meetings executed during the deployment of the project and lack in records were the major drawbacks of the project and it led to the failure or sinking of the project (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). XIII) Issues found by customers: Customers are the main aim of any transformation for every organization and the primary goal should be to fulfill the needs and requirements of the consumers. This project was delivered for fulfilling the requirements of the project and for this accomplishment (Ghaffari and Emsley 2015); new space was being introduced for letting the organization to fulfill the requirements of the organization. It can be noted that overall rating of the key performance indicator was poor and because of that the whole project sank in the failures. Most of the activities were not associated to the key performance indicator or towards enhancing or supporting the quality of the project was delivered in the name of completion only regardless of planning, monitoring, evaluation, and documentation. There was not any document prepared for the accomplishment and quality of the ongoing activities within the project. Conclusion Based on the above report, it can be concluded that the Woody project was a failure and various knowledge can be gathered from this project in a manner to apply these learning to another project. It has resulted in better understanding of the aspects and records how a project could be affected negatively if the constraints explained in the above project is not managed in effective and efficient manner. Project management is the most considerable factor for the accomplishment of the objectives and goals of the project in effective and efficient manner. The project had many drawbacks those could have been eliminated through applying proper management and leadership and could be executed in an effective and efficient manner. There were many lagging factors in the accomplishment of the project that affected the deployment of the project in a successful manner. It can be stated that planning was the crucial factor in the woody project that affected the overall execution of the project and leads the project in failure direction. Documentation was another considerable factor that could have saved the project from sinking into failure, and could have been protected if, the project was executed considering recording the activities, meetings issues, and other ongoing, done, or about to be done in the project activity list. Last but not the least, it can be concluded that this project could be protected from being failed if an experienced and professional project manager was assigned for the accomplishment of every activity of the project. This could have helped in applying accurate project management methodology and execute the aspects of the organization in an effective and efficient manner. References Andler, N., 2016.Tools for project management, workshops and consulting: a must-have compendium of essential tools and techniques. John Wiley Sons. Brones, F., de Carvalho, M.M. and de Senzi Zancul, E., 2014. Ecodesign in project management: a missing link for the integration of sustainability in product development?.Journal of Cleaner Production,80, pp.106-118. Browning, T.R., 2014. Managing complex project process models with a process architecture framework.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.229-241. Bucero, A. and Englund, R.L., 2015, October. Project sponsorship: Achieving management commitment for project success. Project Management Institute. Burke, R. and Barron, S., 2014.Project management leadership: building creative teams. John Wiley Sons. Caldern, A. and Ruiz, M., 2015. A systematic literature review on serious games evaluation: An application to software project management.Computers Education,87, pp.396-422. Costantino, F., Di Gravio, G. and Nonino, F., 2015. Project selection in project portfolio management: An artificial neural network model based on critical success factors.International Journal of Project Management,33(8), pp.1744-1754. Fukuda, S., Maruyama, D. and Watanabe, T., International Business Machines Corp, 2016.Managing a project. U.S. Patent Application 14/791,591. Fuller, M.A., Valacich, J.S., George, J.F. and Schneider, C., 2017.Information Systems Project Management: A Process and Team Approach, Edition 1.1. Prospect Press. Ghaffari, M. and Emsley, M.W., 2015. Current status and future potential of the research on Critical Chain Project Management.Surveys in Operations Research and Management Science,20(2), pp.43-54. Haynes, M., Owens, M. and Southworth, F., 2017.FINAL PROJECT REPORT-ADVANCED REACTOR SITE FEASIBILITY EVALUATION(No. 51-9272172-000). NGNP INDUSTRY ALLIANCE LIMITED. Heldman, K., 2018. PMP: project management professional exam study guide. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2015.Project management 2.0: leveraging tools, distributed collaboration, and metrics for project success. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2017.Project management metrics, KPIs, and dashboards: a guide to measuring and monitoring project performance. John Wiley Sons. Leach, L.P., 2014.Critical chain project management. Artech House. Lientz, B. and Rea, K., 2016.Breakthrough technology project management. Routledge. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Gonzlez-Jaen, L.F. and Prez-Ezcurdia, A., 2015. Using project management as a way to sustainability. From a comprehensive review to a framework definition.Journal of cleaner production,99, pp.1-16. Martinelli, R.J. and Milosevic, D.Z., 2016.Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Newton, R., 2016.Project management step by step: how to plan and manage a highly successful project. Pearson UK. Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017.Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor Francis. PINNINGTON-WILSON, L.Y.N.D.A. and NEEDHAM, D., 2015. MANAGING THE PROJECT.Doing Research in Education: Theory and Practice, p.80. Sears, S.K., Sears, G.A., Clough, R.H., Rounds, J.L. and Segner, R.O., 2015.Construction project management. John Wiley Sons. Shah, D., 2016. Managing Retrofit Project. Turner, R., 2016.Gower handbook of project management. Routledge. Verzuh, E., 2015.The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley Sons.

Project Investments in Unilever Company

The choice of a product or service that an entrepreneur wishes to invest in is an important factor to consider before bringing it to the market. Any investment project chosen should produce returns to benefit all stakeholders and other interested parties that the project affects directly or indirectly.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Investments in Unilever Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The paper utilizes axe anarchy fragrance for women, a new product that Unilever Company has launched on the market, as a case product in a bid to show the financial implication or consideration that the case company made before investing in the product. Unilever is a big corporation that deals with production or manufacture of many kinds of household products. Axe anarchy is the latest innovation or rather new product that the company has launched on its market (Unilever PLV, 2012, Para. 3). This product is ther efore financed by the company. The company has put in place enough funds that are used to innovate and manufacture new products on the market. The company is quoted in the securities exchange market as exemplary in terms of the quality of its products. Some of its finances come from the owners of the business who are the shareholders. Because of the high amount of money the company receives from its shareholders, it is able to carry out various innovations besides venturing in the production of multiple types of products. Unilever PLV therefore generates its funds through the sale of shares to its investors, a process known as equity funding (Unilever PLV, 2011, p. 15). This form of acquiring fund is advantageous because investors who buy the shares are not entitled to any interest. Bondholders, on the other hand, require that interest be paid to them. Therefore, this method allows the company to access capital for use to produce and market its products. The investors are only entit led to profits and losses in equal measures. Hence, the method does not have any impact to the company. Another advantage that the company will accrue from this form of financing is that there is no collateral required for this type of investment. Furthermore, the company is only obliged to pay dividends on the earnings that it makes. This therefore protects the company from any court proceedings or accusations when the company fails to make profits on the products.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the business is not faced with a threat of collapse, as it can come up with other strategies to ensure survival. Furthermore, investing or financing this project through shared capital makes the company have a full control of the funds. The company is able to keep the funds indefinitely without being asked by the investors (Safania, Nagaraju Roohi, 2011 p.78). Furthermo re, the company has an opportunity to make decisions on whether to invest in the product or not. The decision is solely based on the management of the company that has been given the responsibility to carry out managerial decisions on the behavior of the shareholders if they help in the growth of the company besides helping further in accruing of more profits for the organization. Production of new products or services requires the organization to carry out a clear calculation on the total cost of producing the new product or service to ensure that it gets some profits after the product is sold. In this case, Unilever PLC Company will be required to analyze each investment components of producing axe anarchy fragrance for women to the moment it is sold. Therefore, various factors will be put into consideration. One of the investment components of producing this new product is the cost of producing or purchasing raw materials that are required for the manufacturing of the product. Th e cost of transportation of raw material to the company for production, as well as distribution to the suppliers and retailers should be factored in the company’s marketing strategies. The cost of paying salaries to the employees who ensure that the product is manufactured or converted from its raw materials to the time it reaches the consumers should also be provided. Logistic costs are also paramount and worth considering such as storage costs and administration costs among other costs. It is also important to consider the costs related to government taxes. Other costs include marketing. For the product to reach a wide market to attract high sales, the company needs to invest heavily on its marketing strategies. Media must be used to reach a wide audience coverage including television ads, billboards, internet, social media, and traditional forms such as print media among many other mediums. All these costs should be calculated and the right figure known to help the company in determining its price that should be competitive in the market to enable many customers to use the products. The product should also be of high quality to suit the target audience i.e. Young boys and girls.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Investments in Unilever Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By breaking this cost down, the company will also be able to know the amount of money that it has invested in the new product, as this will enable it to have a clear estimate or projection of the profits that it is likely to accrue from the sale of the product. Furthermore, this analysis is vital is enabling the company to either progress with production of the product or not. For instance, if the cost of production is very high and surpasses the income level of the target audience or customer, it will not be viable for the company to produce such a product. The company can as well seek an alternative source of funding that costs less. In this case, the best option that the company can source its funds is through debt financing. This refers to borrowing of funds in the form of loans that are repaid over a certain period. The company can decide to borrow funds over a short term-less than one year- or a long-term scheme, which extends to more than one year. The major sources that the company can seek for these funds are from government agencies or banks that provide loans with a certain percentage of interest. This option of sourcing for finances has a number of benefits. For instance, the interest that is paid on the loan is deductible. Therefore, the company will benefit from tax advantage. In addition, the company will be able to retain its ownership. The lender of the money, whether financial institution or government agencies, cannot get or receive ownership of the company. Furthermore, lenders cannot claim any future profits or revenues of the company, as the lender will only be given the principle loan plus the interest as agreed between the lender and the party. It is also easy to raise funds using debt financing because it does not require the company or the borrower to comply with the federal or state securities’ regulations. Debt financing is also a very good method of sourcing for funds because a company is able to establish good relationships with the lenders. Hence, it can secure future financial assistance of a short and or a long-term financial health in time of need (Mitton, 2008, p.27). Ensuring that the history of a company is conducive for borrowing, the company is required to ensure that there is balance between the debt and equity ratio. The company must also demonstrate that it can be able to repay the loan within the stipulated duration to time. Furthermore, the company can source its funds from debt financing because it enables the company to have freedom in terms of its financials.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This helps the company to invest in projects or products that it feels can boost its profits. Axe anarchy fragrance for women is such a product. It therefore allows the company the discretion to make its own strategic decisions that can help to promote or stir economic growth of the company. Therefore, the company can opt for this form of sourcing its fund as an alternative method. The debt equity method of sourcing for funds is one of the cheapest and affordable methods that will enable the company to meet its needs including meeting costs of production and marketing of the products. In conclusion, finding the right source of funds for the Unilever Company can influence its operation positively when it comes to investing in new products or services. The paper has used axe anarchy fragrance for women as a case product from the company. Therefore, the use of equity financing whereby the company sells its shares is one of the appropriate sources of funds that Unilever used to seek fun ds and promote this product. Various investment components are however important in helping business decide whether to invest in a project or not. An alternative source of funds that can be used as an alternative is debt financing because it costs less to the company. Reference List Mitton, T. (2008). Why Have Debt Ratios Increased for Firms in Emerging Markets?. European Financial Management 14(1), 127-151. Safania, S., Nagaraju, B., Roohi, M. (2011). Relationship between Long Term Debt- to-Equity ratio and Share Price — a study on NSE, INDIA (2007-2010). International Journal of Business Management Economic Research, 2(4), 278- 283. Unilever PLV (2011). Financial Statement. Web. Unilever PLV. (2012). Latest from out brands: Axes launches its first fragrance for women. Web. This essay on Project Investments in Unilever Company was written and submitted by user Kallie Riggs to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Civil Acton Essays - Legal Entities, W. R. Grace And Company

A Civil Acton Essays - Legal Entities, W. R. Grace And Company A Civil Acton A Civil Action The movie A Civil Action brings up an interesting idea that many people in the public don't see or hear about very often. The idea that the big corporations often don't take into account the safety of the people that work for them or the people that live around the factories. These big corporations are run entirely by money and the idea of what things will cost and how much money they can possibly make. Too many times money is more important than the lives of human beings and the people that run these places only see in dollars and cents. The moral issues that this dilemma brings up are immense. This has been happening for centuries since the industrial revolution. Workers were subjected too harsh conditions and unsafe factories so that more goods could be produced. They had children as young as seven and eight years old working 15 hour days. In our modern times, toxic waste now plays a big part in the safety of people. The waste that these companies produce and dump under our noses don't seem to bother them in the least. The way microeconomics effects this must be fully explored to realize the way the corporate world thinks and acts. The goal of any corporation is to make the maximum profit that they can providing a good or service to the community while doing it as inexpensively as possible to them. Too many times producing these goods, toxic by-products are also produced. Nuclear power plants create plutonium, factories let poisonous gasses into the atmosphere, and chemicals are dumped into the drains and washed into our water everyday while being unknown to the people around them. The issue then becomes what to do with these poisons at the cheapest cost to retain the most revenue. In A Civil Action the W.R. Grace company decided that the best place to dump the T.C.E. was in the river behind the plant. It's too bad that all the people who lived down stream were also effected by the carelessness of this company. It got into the drinking water and gave kids cancer and seizures among other health conditions. These companies try to cover up these kinds of things as much as possible by buying people off. They think that if they give people money for their losses than everything will be alright. For huge corporations dealing with billions of dollars these payoffs are only a drop in the bucket for them. Even a million dollars to any family is an incredible amount of money and often the money becomes more important than the real issues behind the problem and can't be passed up by a family struggling to get by. The benefits of paying of these people for their trouble is much cheaper then doing things the right way in the beginning and protecting their safety. Money in our society has become a sense of power and authority. People think to many times that money is the key to happiness. Although money isn't a bad thing it effects the way people act and causes them to not care about the things that they should many times. Corporations have a structure that they follow in order to make them run in an efficient manner. In the movie John Travolta initially doesn't want to take the case because he doesn't think that there will be any money in it for him and his firm. Even though he goes and sees how much pain this company has caused to the people in Wolburn, he still doesn't care because of the money. Not until he realizes how big the companies are does he take the case. As the case goes on he isn't able to achieve what he ultimately wanted to do because the Grace Company has so much money that it will almost always win. Travolta's firm goes eight million into debt trying to win this case but ultimately has to settle because they can't go on. The firm doesn't even have to clean up the polluted land that caused all the problems. It wasn't until the E.P.A. steps in and with their power was able to achieve a

Boeing is the Manufacturing of Commercial Airplane and Military Research Paper

Boeing is the Manufacturing of Commercial Airplane and Military Airplanes - Research Paper Example In its growth, Boeing has managed to broaden its portfolio and grow its revenues and profitably, which has translated into improved stakeholder value. Boeing is ranked second after Airbus on being the maker of commercial jets and falls second after Lockheed Martin as a defense contractor. This research paper explores how Boeing leverages leveraged its performance through the use of strategic information architecture systems to meet its strategic enterprise objectives. Background Overtime, Boeing has grown to become one of U.S. biggest commercial jet manufacturers to command a significant global market share. The core objective of Boeing centers of continuing to lead the industry and creating innovative aircrafts and satisfying the entire customer’s growing needs. Boeing aspires to be the strongest, and the best integrated aerospace-based company globally. Boeing has grown to become the largest global aircraft manufacturer by revenue, deliveries, and orders, as well as one of t he largest aerospace and defense contractor globally. Boeing’s Commercial Aviation Services section enables Boeing to provide efficient, timely technical support to help airlines operators to keep their airplanes in optimum operating state. The acquisition of McDonnell Douglas in 1997 played a big role in raising the stature of the company. In 2010, Boeing revenue stood at USD 64.306 billion, which a drop of 6% from 2009 full-year results. The drop in revenue can be linked to multiple factors such as a reduction in airline demand, as well as production interruptions and consequent negative publicity connected to delays for the delivery of 787 Boeing Dreamliner (Boeing, 2011). The Boeing 787 Dreamliner can be regarded to be the most successful product that Boeing has launched in the recent past judged by the numbers of orders that Boeing has received. In the 1st Quarter of 2011, Boeing succeeded in raising its revenue by 2% from the 2010 revenue of $30.79 billion to $31.45 bil lion. Similarly, Boeing’s net income increased to $3.31 billion in 2010 from a 2009 net income of $1.31 billion. The 250% jump in net income emanate from the streamlining and efficiency procedures that Boeing implemented. During the first half of 2011, Boeing’s net income increased by 17% from $1.31 (2010) to $1.53 billion (2011) (Boeing, 2011). This demonstrates the economic success that Boeing currently enjoys owing to the robustness of its operations and the capability to utilize its resources productively. Boeing’s Organization and Management of Information Systems Boeing has a strong commitment towards the long-term enhancement in its products and processes. Boeing has a strong commitment towards customer satisfaction and improving shareholder value, which necessitates that Boeing continuously work together to enhance the overall efficiency and productivity within its design, administrative, manufacturing, and support organizations. The need for continuousl y improve products makes technology a central factor in generating the future of the aerospace industry. Boeing’s client base extends in over in over 90 countries, which has necessitated its adoption of partnerships across the globe in technology, service, and manufacturing sectors. Furthermore, Boeing enjoys a robust, in-house, research, design and technology-development departments and has also extended research and develop centers and programs in a number countries.  Ã‚  

Final Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Final Paper - Essay Example I will verify about existence of the problem myself. In the next step, I will try to gather relevant information so as to support the claim that the bike will accelerate dangerously when operated for long hours in hot climate. I will analyze the problem as well as confirm the same with production department that root cause of the problem is overheating of the solar panel. I would further discuss with the production and maintenance departments about possible solutions and select the appropriate one. Following this, an outline of the cost that the company will incur for each alternative solution will be prepared. The next step is to approach the management along with other employees from production and maintenance department with a report that explains the problem, associated cost of alternatives and future cost of company in case the problem is overlooked (Ho 583-593). It is important to note that payment of $5000 to buyers for placing the product on his selves is firstly a wrong approach as this will open an avenue for the buyer to repeat such claims in future. Secondly, the practice of bribing for business expansion purpose in the United States is illegal under the anti-bribery provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, 1977. The company, being a reputed one operating in production of sustainable products, must consider sustainability and transparency in the transactions made as well. Paying the buyer will result in breach of the FCP act as well as code of corporate governance of the company. In addition, it will also imply that the company is not sufficiently confident about its products and prefers buying shelf area from retailer. After considering all these factors, as a responsible employee of Green Move, I would not recommend payment of the special fee to particular buyer as the move is unethical and illegal (â€Å"Foreign Corrupt Pr actices Act of 1977†). For any product, it is important

Artwork Essay Example for Free

Artwork Essay The â€Å"Self-Portrait with a bandaged ear† by Vincent Van Gogh and â€Å"The Two Fridas† by Mexican painter Kahlo Frida are depicting the artists’ deep hurt and emotional breakdown at losing their special person in life. However, the portrait â€Å"The Two Fridas† is representing the artist’s conflicting psychological mind more into details and straightforward than Vincent Van Gogh’s self-portrait â€Å"The Bandaged Ear. † In â€Å"The Two Fridas,† she uses various actions and clear setting to help viewers the theme of painting easily. The background is filled with the agitated clouds on the stormy dark sky and it obviously reflects her inner pain. Frida who sits on the left side portrays rejected Frida by her husband Diego Rivera. On the right, it represents loved and respected Frida by him. The two Fridas hold hands each other as if loved Frida tries to join unloved Frida’s suffering. It also implies her only companion is herself since she was six years old. She was isolated from other people due to her health problems. In â€Å"The bandaged ear,† Van Gogh pierces the viewer’s feeling using the facial expression rather than actions. His pale and thin face like Jesus Christ in a late medieval painting and every brushstroke that he made on the canvas tells his pitiful presence at the time. In fact, it is not easy to catching the purpose of the Japanese painting on the wall behind Van Gogh. For late 18th century, European artists considered the traditional Japanese art as a utopian aestheticism. So, he uses the Japanese painting for representing his lost paradise. Frida utilizes many symbolic and striking objects to illustrate her turmoil. The two hearts express her pain. The abandoned Frida’s heart is dying while the other Frida’s heart is whole. The unloved Frida is holding the surgical pincer to cut off a vein that travels through both Fridas’ hearts. Frida tries to stop the flow of blood from loved Frida on the right. Therefore, the blood is dripping on her white dress and it is the sign of danger of bleeding to death. In addition, her white dress is ripped open and it refers her broken relationship between Diego. Van Gogh simply uses fewer objects than Frida’s portrait. In combination of wearing a bandage across his ear to under his chin and his sallow skin imply his health condition is unwell. He may be shivering inside because he wears a coat and hat. Frida Kahlo has been associated with the surrealist movement which is the most influential movement in early 1900’s. This movement is influenced by Sigman Freud and Karl Max and they are well known psychologists. The surrealists believe the conscious mind repress the power of imagination so they are willing to depict their unlimited imagination. They expose the uncensored feeling as if in a dream. Also, they use many different kinds of symbols and colors to make art more details and straightforward. Unlike surrealist Frida, the impressionist artist Van Gogh conveys the subject of his art by demonstrating the techniques of loose brushstrokes that barely forms the figure and it makes his piece sort of like a sketch or â€Å"unfinished painting. He uses not many different colors but instead he focuses on putting shadows or highlights in color. Both of great self portraits portray the artists’ mental and physical collapse in their own stylistic and unique techniques. However, Kahlo Frida’s painting is easier to analyze the subject of artwork than Van Gogh’s painting. Because, she chooses varieties of symbols and colors to express her strange and violent imaginations and it definitely helps viewers easy to define her painful heart through her painting.